Difference between revisions of "Pyrotechnics 101"
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::A PDF of this text can be found [http://pyrotechnics.no-ip.org/files/Chemistry%20of%20Fireworks.pdf here] | ::A PDF of this text can be found [http://pyrotechnics.no-ip.org/files/Chemistry%20of%20Fireworks.pdf here] | ||
::An online version of the first edition can be found [https://archive.org/details/The_Chemistry_of_Fireworks_Russell here] | ::An online version of the first edition can be found [https://archive.org/details/The_Chemistry_of_Fireworks_Russell here] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Media:Chemistry-of-Gunpowder-v3.png|Compound Interest on Gun Powder]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Media:Firework-Colours-2015.png|Compound Interest on Fireworks]] | ||
===Fireworks Company=== | ===Fireworks Company=== | ||
Both instructors are employees of [https://www.jandmdisplays.com/ J&M Displays] | Both instructors are employees of [https://www.jandmdisplays.com/ J&M Displays] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Topics=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Chemistry''' | ||
| + | :Oxidizer (species being reduced) | ||
| + | ::Potassium nitrate (2 NO3- --> N2 + 3 O2) | ||
| + | ::Potassium Perchlorate | ||
| + | :Reducer (Fuel; species being oxidized) | ||
| + | ::Magnesium powder (Mg--> Mg2+) | ||
| + | ::Aluminum powder (Al --> Al3+) | ||
| + | ::Mag/Al alloy (magnalium; raises flame temp) | ||
| + | ::Sulfur (S --> SO2) | ||
| + | ::Charcoal/carbon (C --> CO2) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_g6Q7RmxG0I How to make] | ||
| + | :Effect/Color | ||
| + | ::CIE Chart Info ([https://medium.com/hipster-color-science/a-beginners-guide-to-colorimetry-401f1830b65a here]) | ||
| + | ::Strontium nitrate | ||
| + | ::Calcium nitrate/carbonate (orange) | ||
| + | ::Copper oxide (blue) | ||
| + | ::Strontium chloride (red) | ||
| + | ::Sodium silicate (orange/yellow) | ||
| + | ::Barium acetate/carbonate (green) | ||
| + | ::course magnesium (white sparks) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Burning mixture (potassium perchlorate+ red gum) | ||
| + | Ammonium nitrate - explosive (nitrate is oxidizer and ammonium hydrogens are a reducer) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Heat output | ||
| + | |||
| + | Burning rate | ||
| + | |||
| + | Hygroscopic compounds best | ||
| + | |||
| + | Aerial Shells | ||
| + | :Shell (spherical) | ||
| + | :lift charge (black powder) | ||
| + | :Timing/delay fuse with "pass-fire tube") | ||
| + | :bursting charge | ||
| + | :effect (pellets) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Mortar tube | ||
| + | fuse | ||
===Lab Activities=== | ===Lab Activities=== | ||
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[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpzEWQK7pOU ACS: Fireworks: The Chemistry in the Color (2 min)] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpzEWQK7pOU ACS: Fireworks: The Chemistry in the Color (2 min)] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Week 2==== | ||
| + | Shell Design | ||
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0T_59k6s1s How Fireworks Work: Ball Shells (4 mins)] | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0T_59k6s1s How Fireworks Work: Ball Shells (4 mins)] | ||
| − | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= | + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hP96OnZG6QY TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #1 (9 mins)] |
| − | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= | + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YuvBh943hXA TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #2 (10 mins)] |
| − | = | + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsIXxrkaS_Y TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #3 (11 min)] |
====Week 3==== | ====Week 3==== | ||
| + | Gun Powder | ||
| + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm-7WzUrmzo Homemade Gunpowder, For Science! (8 min)] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | Shell Construction | ||
| + | |||
| + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRdhj_z5tfE 7 Inch Double Petal Ballshell Rocket Heading, Experimental. See note below the video (52 mins)] | ||
====Week 4==== | ====Week 4==== | ||
| + | Rockets | ||
| + | |||
| + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVRsypIKCqk Fireworks Rocket Master 2016 (22 mins)] | ||
====Week 5==== | ====Week 5==== | ||
| + | Flash powder | ||
| + | |||
| + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7q72ALpJ2BA how to make flash powder (4 min)] | ||
| + | :Potassium perchlorate - 7 grams | ||
| + | :Aluminum powder - 3 grams | ||
| + | |||
| + | Firecracker using flash - '''WARNING: WORKING WITH TOO MUCH MATERIAL''' | ||
| + | [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1sNw70ctfk How to make an m80 or other fire cracker] | ||
====Week 6==== | ====Week 6==== | ||
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====Week 8==== | ====Week 8==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Pictures and Videos==== | ||
| + | [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Dpp1l2VPGj1P6eo2J5ZtxaxKztZdn0Uv/view?invite=CIuPuj8&ts=5ce448eb 16" Shell, 2015] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:24, 22 May 2019
Welcome to the Pyrotechnics 101
This is a planning page for a future course to be taught at Monmouth College. The course will be taught by a chemistry professor and the campus' lead electrician.
The rules that regulate the fireworks in the state of Illinois can be found here
Fireworks are classified as a hazardous material (HAZMAT) class 1.3. The United Nations classification system can be found here; the classification by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) can be found here. Consumer grade fireworks (where allowed are classified as 1.4.
Possible Textbooks
Compound Interest on Gun Powder
Compound Interest on Fireworks
Fireworks Company
Both instructors are employees of J&M Displays
Topics
Chemistry
- Oxidizer (species being reduced)
- Potassium nitrate (2 NO3- --> N2 + 3 O2)
- Potassium Perchlorate
- Reducer (Fuel; species being oxidized)
- Magnesium powder (Mg--> Mg2+)
- Aluminum powder (Al --> Al3+)
- Mag/Al alloy (magnalium; raises flame temp)
- Sulfur (S --> SO2)
- Charcoal/carbon (C --> CO2) How to make
- Effect/Color
- CIE Chart Info (here)
- Strontium nitrate
- Calcium nitrate/carbonate (orange)
- Copper oxide (blue)
- Strontium chloride (red)
- Sodium silicate (orange/yellow)
- Barium acetate/carbonate (green)
- course magnesium (white sparks)
Burning mixture (potassium perchlorate+ red gum) Ammonium nitrate - explosive (nitrate is oxidizer and ammonium hydrogens are a reducer)
Heat output
Burning rate
Hygroscopic compounds best
Aerial Shells
- Shell (spherical)
- lift charge (black powder)
- Timing/delay fuse with "pass-fire tube")
- bursting charge
- effect (pellets)
Mortar tube fuse
Lab Activities
Week 1
ACS: The Chemistry of Fireworks, John A. Conkling, Ph.D. (6 min)
ACS: Fireworks: The Chemistry in the Color (2 min)
Week 2
Shell Design
How Fireworks Work: Ball Shells (4 mins)
TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #1 (9 mins)
TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #2 (10 mins)
TOP 10 AMAZING HOMEMADE FIREWORKS #3 (11 min)
Week 3
Gun Powder Homemade Gunpowder, For Science! (8 min)
Shell Construction
7 Inch Double Petal Ballshell Rocket Heading, Experimental. See note below the video (52 mins)
Week 4
Rockets
Fireworks Rocket Master 2016 (22 mins)
Week 5
Flash powder
how to make flash powder (4 min)
- Potassium perchlorate - 7 grams
- Aluminum powder - 3 grams
Firecracker using flash - WARNING: WORKING WITH TOO MUCH MATERIAL How to make an m80 or other fire cracker